"I'm totally stressed out." Listen carefully when teachers repeat that almost-routine mantra. They could be experiencing stress that affects their performance, their students, and their personal lives. But, stress doesn't have to take a toll.
High stakes exams. Demanding administrators. Challenging students. No wonder teachers are stressed! On a daily basis, those circumstances can challenge teachers to do their jobs well—or overwhelm them.
Stress is physiological: it negatively affects the way the brain and the nervous system operate. Critical cognitive processes—the ones that normally help people manage conflict—become impaired, resulting in an "inner noise."
That "inner noise" leads to memory loss, the inability to solve problems, and the absence of creativity, among critical coping mechanisms, according to Drs. Rollin McCraty and Robert A. Rees of the Institute of HearthMath.
Couple those impairments with stress's physical and emotional effects—such as headaches, irritability, and depression—and you find a teacher who is emotionally spent and professionally ineffective.
Stress heavily strains teachers' "pro-social emotion" (compassion and empathy), according to Dr. Margaret Kemeny, professor in psychiatry at the University of California in San Francisco. "Teachers want to keep giving until they reach 'compassion exhaustion'," said Kemeny.
"Stressed teachers affect their environment, both personal and professional," said McCraty. "Often, they are exhausted from lack of sleep and overwork, which has an impact on their preparation, their class demeanor, and their relationships with others in school."
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Students especially respond to stress. "What we see from research is that students sense teacher stress and react to it," explained Dr. Liza Nagel, associate professor of health education at the University of New Mexico. "Sometimes, the reaction is exactly what the teacher does not need: acting out," Nagel added.
How do teachers "manage" stress? Some reach out to friends or family, or they exercise; those are among some of the recommended positive activities. Others resort to less productive methods, like social separation, overeating, and compulsive activities.
Linda Lantieri, founder of The Inner Resilience Program, a program that helps educators tackle trauma and adversity, said that even teachers who experience "compassion fatigue" have an inner resilience that enables them to handle stress. The right methodologies and tools—including those that allow teachers to get in touch with their mind, body, and spirit—can help them do that. Such strategies, added Rees, not only help teachers: they help change a school's overall climate for the better. "The sustained use of those tools usually not only produces a qualitative shift in an organization's social and emotional climate, but also favorably affects other important indicators of organizational success," he said.
There are a variety of proven-effective stress reduction methods teachers can use. For example, Nagel has introduced teachers to self-reflection, cognitive restructuring (turning negativity around), meditation, massage, and exercise, among several strategies she underscores in her article, "The ABCs of Teacher Stress."
Teachers can move from "chaos to coherence," Rees said. One key to strengthening coping skills is beginning to understand what stress is: emotional reactions which turn into turmoil and then performance blocks. Anyone can engage in "positive emotion-refocusing techniques" that help to build positive energy and helpful responses to challenges. Responding differently to stress can alter its physiological impact.
Teachers and administrators who lack outside stress reduction programs and individual counselors can absolutely reduce stress in school themselves. Nagel suggests that teachers find satisfaction in the rewards their profession brings, like successfully integrating parents into the classroom setting or improving the life of a child who ends up valuing himself and learning more.
Nagel believes that an administrator must understand his or her role in teacher stress and then change that impact by practicing "participatory leadership and supporting teachers" when they need help. "One simple way to show support," said Nagel, " is to use teacher in-service days to teach or reinforce skills that will have a positive impact on school climate: stress management, conflict management, communication skills" and effective techniques for parent-teacher communication.
Lantieri recommends that administrators put time into teacher schedules for professional development that addresses stress or offers strategies for teachers to maintain an inner calm. Or, to provide a quiet space, other than the teacher lounge, where teachers can find silence and respite during the school day, or where they can enjoy soothing activities, like listening to music or drawing.
"Our recommendation would be that every school district have specific, proven programs for reducing stress and for helping administrative, teaching, and support staff manage stress and improve communication and problem solving skills," urged McCraty.
Nagel highly recommends that teachers take the advice of "the famous American philosopher" Dolly Parton: "Nobody's gonna live for ya," so ensuring your mental health is a priority. "Find time for exercise and meditation," she advised. "Avoid the toxic influences in your life. Recognize that stress is a perception and you have control of your perceptions."
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Founded by Linda Lantieri, The Inner Resilience Program helps teachers physically, mentally, and emotionally replenish themselves by developing their inner resources for resilience. The program offers teachers around the country day-long and seasonal residential retreats and after- and in-school programs, yoga classes, and individual stress-reduction sessions from certified bodywork practitioners.
Article by Michele Israel
Education World®
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