The anniversary
of Black Tuesday is the perfect opportunity to teach your students about
the causes and the effects of the Great Depression. Education World offers
a dozen great Internet-based activities. Included:
Twelve activities for use across the curriculum and across the grades!
October 29 is the anniversary of "Black Tuesday" -- the day the stock
market crashed in 1929, sending the United States and the world into a
bleak era known as the Great Depression.
The immediate effects of the Great Depression, along with the efforts
of the federal government to spur recovery and to prevent a repeat of
that disaster, changed forever the U.S. political, economic, and social
scene. You can help your students understand the causes and the effects
of the Great Depression as well as the impact that event has on their
lives today. Introduce them to the people who lived it with the following
activities from Education World.
History -- It happened in the 1930s.
Invite students to view brief video clips from PBS's The
Great Depression: Stories of a Generation's Struggle for Democracy.
Then students can work individually or in small groups to create timelines
of the major social and economic events related to the Great Depression.
Writing -- It's news to me!
Encourage students to explore headlines from Black
Thursday (October 24, 1929 -- The Crash. (Alternate source: N.Y.
Times Web Special: The Crash of 1929.) Then ask each student to write
a news story that covers the events of the period. Students might find
additional information at The
Crash of 1929 or 1929
Stock Market Crash. Don't forget the headline!
Language arts -- Read all about it!
Invite students to read the personal accounts of life during the Great
Depression at The
Great Depression (and its linked page, First-Hand
Accounts); "I
Remember:" Reminiscences of the Great Depression; American
Life Histories: Manuscripts from the Federal Writers' Project, 1936-1940; and Great Depression 1930's: Firsthand Accounts.
Then encourage them to conduct their own video or audiotape interviews
of family members or friends who lived through the Great Depression.
Language arts -- You are there!
As a follow-up to the previous activity, have students read Great
Depression Couldn't Defeat Holiday's Spirit, a first-person account
of one child's Christmas during the Great Depression. Then ask each student
to write about his or her most memorable holiday.
Writing/critical thinking -- Canada! Oh Canada!
Invite students to explore The
Great Depression and read about the years of the Great Depression
in Canada. Then ask them to compare the causes and effects of the Depression
in Canada and the United States.
Geography -- From sea to shining sea.
Ask each child to choose a state and explore that state's photographs
at America
from the Great Depression to WWII. Have students choose one photograph
and write a diary entry from the point of view of one of the photo's subjects.
Encourage students to include information about their states in the 1930s,
as well as information about the lives of the residents. Display the diary
entries and a map of the United States on a classroom bulletin board.
Have each student use a piece of string or yarn to connect his or her
diary entry to the correct state.
Arts -- Signs of the times.
Point out to students that a country's culture often reflects its political,
economic, and social conditions. Invite them to explore the music at The
Great Depression and the photographs and paintings at A
New Deal for the Arts. Ask each student to choose a song and an artwork
he or she thinks best depicts the era. Have students present their choices,
along with a brief explanation for them, to the class.
Math -- What did it cost?
Have students explore Then
and Now: Prices, complete the table, and answer the questions about
costs and wages. Then ask students to use the Inflation
and the Time Value of Money -- CPI Calculator to find out how much
each item on the list would have cost in 1929 based on today's prices.
Have them create a second table to show that information. As a follow-up
to this activity, ask students to make a list of common household items
and jobs that did not exist in 1929.
Social studies -- The 20th-century family.
Have students read The
Great Depression Changed Family Values, Lifestyles. Then cover a bulletin
board with butcher paper and ask students to create a mural depicting
the history of the American family during the 20th century. Encourage
students to illustrate how such aspects of family life as clothing, jobs,
education, and social roles changed throughout the century.
Social studies -- It's the law!
Ask students to read about the
New Deal Acts that resulted from the Great Depression. Then arrange students
into pairs and have each pair investigate the causes and effects of one
piece of legislation, both in the 1930s and today. As they research the
legislation, encourage students to consider both the advantages and disadvantages
of government intervention. Ask each pair to present their findings to
the class in the form of an oral report or a debate.
American
Memory: Historical Collections for the National Digital Library
This site contains multimedia collections of documents, photographs, sound,
movies, and text from the Library of Congress Americana collections. Search
for resources on the Great Depression.
Lesson
Ideas for the Great Depression Gallery
The study of the Great Depression in Michigan provides lessons across
the curriculum.
Herbert
Hoover Presidential Library and Museum: The Great Depression
A Gallery of words and pictures.
The
Economic History of the Twentieth Century: The Great Crash and the Great
Slump
In his analysis of the Depression, University of California at Berkeley
associate professor of economics Brad De Long includes graphs depicting
the economic history of the Depression years.
Why Was the Great Depression a Disaster Waiting to Happen?
This site contains a list of causes of the Great Depression from a history
course at the University of San Diego.
America
in the 1930s
This project, developed by the American Studies Program at the University
of Virginia, allows visitors to view the 1930s through films, radio programs,
literature, journalism, museums, exhibitions, architecture, art, and other
forms of cultural expression. The site itself is best for students in
high school and above; however, it contains excellent resources, such
as audio of 1930s radio programs, that teachers can use with students
of any age.
The New Deal Network
This educational Web site, sponsored by the Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt
Institute and the Institute for Learning Technologies at Teachers College/Columbia
University, provides lesson plans and an extensive list of links to on-line
resources.
Hard
Times: Coping With Life During the Great Depression
Join an online project in which students interview individuals who remember
life during the Great Depression (1929-1941). Students use supplied interview
questions, gather responses, and summarize data to reflect the life styles
of people who lived during this time period.
Article by Linda Starr
Education World®
Copyright © 2007 Education World
Originally published 11/08/1999
Links last updated 10/02/2007
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