In prekindergarten through grade 2 all students should
- NM-NUM.PK-2.1: Understand numbers, ways of representing numbers, relationships among numbers, and number systems
- NM-NUM.PK-2.2: Understand meanings of operations and how they relate to one another
- NM-NUM.PK-2.3: Compute fluently and make reasonable estimates
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Understand numbers, ways of representing numbers, relationships among numbers, and number systems
- count with understanding and recognize "how many" in sets of objects;
- use multiple models to develop initial understandings of place value and the base-ten number system;
- develop understanding of the relative position and magnitude of whole numbers and of ordinal and cardinal numbers and their connections;
- develop a sense of whole numbers and represent and use them in flexible ways, including relating, composing, and decomposing numbers;
- connect number words and numerals to the quantities they represent, using various physical models and representations;
- understand and represent commonly used fractions, such as 1/4, 1/3, and 1/2.
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Understand meanings of operations and how they relate to one another
- understand various meanings of addition and subtraction of whole numbers and the relationship between the two operations;
- understand the effects of adding and subtracting whole numbers;
- understand situations that entail multiplication and division, such as equal groupings of objects and sharing equally.
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Compute fluently and make reasonable estimates
- develop and use strategies for whole-number computations, with a focus on addition and subtraction;
- develop fluency with basic number combinations for addition and subtraction;
- use a variety of methods and tools to compute, including objects, mental computation, estimation, paper and pencil, and calculators.
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