In grades 9-12 all students should
- NM-NUM.9-12.1: Understand numbers, ways of representing numbers, relationships among numbers, and number systems
- NM-NUM.9-12.2: Understand meanings of operations and how they relate to one another
- NM-NUM.9-12.3: Compute fluently and make reasonable estimates
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Understand numbers, ways of representing numbers, relationships among numbers, and number systems
- develop a deeper understanding of very large and very small numbers and of various representations of them;
- compare and contrast the properties of numbers and number systems, including the rational and real numbers, and understand complex numbers as solutions to quadratic equations that do not have real solutions;
- understand vectors and matrices as systems that have some of the properties of the real-number system;
- use number-theory arguments to justify relationships involving whole numbers.
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Understand meanings of operations and how they relate to one another
- judge the effects of such operations as multiplication, division, and computing powers and roots on the magnitudes of quantities;
- develop an understanding of properties of, and representations for, the addition and multiplication of vectors and matrices;
- develop an understanding of permutations and combinations as counting techniques.
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Compute fluently and make reasonable estimates
- develop fluency in operations with real numbers, vectors, and matrices, using mental computation or paper-and-pencil calculations for simple cases and technology for more-complicated cases;
- judge the reasonableness of numerical computations and their results.
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